Read the most important events that happened today.
1571: Naval battle of Nafpaktos. The united fleet of Spain, Venice, Genoa, Naples, Sicily and the Pope defeated the Ottoman fleet at the Battle of Nafpaktos (then Lepanto), permanently stopping the Ottoman expansion to the West.
1820: The Friendly Society, in a meeting in Ismailio of Bessarabia and on the initiative of Papaflessas, decides to hasten the beginning of the Revolution and the descent of Alexander Ypsilantis to the Peloponnese.
1825: The first issue of the General Gazette of Greece, forerunner of the Government Gazette, is published. Its director is Theoklitos Farmakidis.
1828: The French expeditionary force led by Nikolaos-Joseph Maizon liberates Patras.
1831: The murderer of the Governor, Ioannis Kapodistrias, Georgios Mavromichalis, is sentenced to death in Nafplio.
1886: Slavery is abolished in Cuba.
1901: Former Prime Minister Theodoros Diligiannis is seriously injured when his car overturned.
1910: Greek students revolt against the liquidation at the National University, while classes are temporarily suspended.
1919: The Dutch KLM, the oldest airline today, is founded.
1928: Ras Tafari is crowned King of Ethiopia in a glorious ceremony in Addis Ababa. He will share power with his aunt, Empress Zauditou.
1935: The League of Nations considers that Italy is responsible for the war with Ethiopia and decides to impose sanctions on it.
1940: Germany invades Romania to prevent the Soviet Union from exploiting valuable oil resources.
1944: General Rommel, who commanded German forces in Africa, was ordered by Hitler to return to Berlin.
1944: On the same day, 300 Greek Jewish prisoners in the Auschwitz-Birkenau extermination camp revolt. After blowing up a part of Crematorium 4, they attempt a mass escape. The fugitives are caught and executed.
1949: The German Democratic Republic of Germany, known as East Germany, is created in the Russian-occupied zone of Germany. Wilhelm Pick becomes the first president of the newly formed state, while Otto Gretvol takes over as prime minister.
1949: On the same day, the search for oil and uranium sources begins in Greece.
1955: Alan Ginsberg reads his poem "The Scream" at a poetry night in San Francisco. The poem was an immediate success, making the Beatnik movement known to the general public.
1958: Pakistani President Iskander Mirza, backed by General Ayub Kanab, is overthrowing the country's constitution, imposing martial law and canceling elections scheduled for January 1959.
1959: After a long period of dispute between Archbishop Makarios and Lieutenant General Georgios Grivas-Digenis, the two men meet in Rhodes, where they sign a special cooperation protocol.
1963: US President John F. Kennedy signs treaty to control nuclear tests.
1969: The statue of Eleftherios Venizelos is unveiled in Ilisia.
1971: Israel bans 21 American black Jews from entering Tel Aviv.
1972: The second satellite ground station is launched in Thermopylae.
1973: A new assassination attempt against Makarios in Cyprus, by trapping the road through which his car would pass. Rescued due to premature explosion.
1979: A Swissair DC-8 plane, operating the Zurich-Beijing route, goes off the runway during its landing at the Hellinikon airport and catches fire. Of the 156 passengers, 14 are killed.
1981: Vice President Hosni Mubarak has been named the fourth president of the Arab Republic of Egypt, following the assassination of his predecessor, President Anwar Sadat.
1985: The Italian cruise ship "Achilles Lauro", in Alexandria, Egypt, is being hijacked by heavily armed Arab terrorists of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine. They threaten to blow up the ship and kill American passengers if 50 Palestinians detained in Israeli jails are not released.
1986: The first issue of the British newspaper The Independent is published.
1994: China is conducting its second nuclear test in four months, provoking strong reactions from the other major nuclear powers, the United States, Russia, Britain and France.
1995: In Italy, Salvatore Cristaldi, a leading member of the Mafia, is arrested.
2000: In Yugoslavia, Vojislav Kostunica is sworn in as president.
2001: US warplanes begin bombing targets in Afghanistan after the Taliban refused to turn against Osama bin Laden. These are retaliatory attacks for the 11/XNUMX terrorist attacks in the United States.
2003: Vassilis Skouris, professor of Public Law at the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, becomes the first Greek president of the European Court.
2009: The inauguration of the new PASOK government takes place at the Presidential Palace, in front of Karolos Papoulias and in the presence of the Prime Minister, George Papandreou.
Births
1301 - Alexander the Great, Prince of Tver
1471 - Frederick I, King of Denmark
1748 - Charles XIII, King of Sweden
1885 - Niels Bohr, Danish physicist
1888 - Henry Wallace, American politician
1900 - Heinrich Himmler, German politician
1919 - Georges Dibby, French historian
1919 - Anemarie Wenger, German politician
1923 - Jean-Paul Riopel, Canadian painter and sculptor
1927 - Ronald David Laing, Scottish psychiatrist and author
1931 - Desmond Tutu, South African archbishop and activist
1934 - Ulrike Meinhof, German journalist
1939 - Harry Crotto, English chemist
1944 - Nikos Dadinopoulos, Greek actor
1944 - Donald Chang, Chinese politician
1950 - Jakaya Kikuete, Tanzanian politician
1952 - Vladimir Putin, Russian politician
1955 - Yo Yo Ma, Chinese cellist
1963 - Konstantina Konstantinou (known as Konstantina), Cypriot singer
1967 - Tony Braxton, American singer, producer and actor
1972 - Notis Mitarakis, Greek politician
1973 - Grigol Bgaloblishvili, Georgian politician
1974 - Rena Dourou, Greek politician
1974 - Charlotte Perelli, Swedish singer
1975 - George Karadimos, Greek singer
1976 - Gilberto Silva, Brazilian soccer player
1979 - Sean Ashmore, Canadian actor
1982 - Thalia Koutroumanidou, Greek volleyball player
1982 - Manjid Bouguera, Algerian footballer
1982 - Germain Defoe, English footballer
1988 - Diego Costa, Brazilian soccer player
1997 - Keira Kozarin, American actress
Deaths
336 - Pope Mark
767 - Constantine II, Patriarch of Constantinople
929 - Charles III of France, King of the Western Franks
1581 - Honorius I, Lord of Monaco
1637 - Victor Amedeus I, Duke of Savoy
1849 - Edgar Allan Poe, American writer
1867 - Mohammad Afzal Khan, Emir of Afghanistan
1943 - Christopher, Prince of Hesse
1973 - Savvas Papapolitis, Greek politician
1979 - Vassos Falireas, Greek sculptor
1983 - George Ogden Abel, American astronomer
1983 - Christoph Solio, military and civilian from Benin
1991 - Natalia Ginsburg, Italian writer
2000 - Spyros Plaskovitis, Greek writer and politician
2006 - Anna Politkovskaya, Russian journalist
2010 - Foula Lampele, Greek novelist and translator
2011 - Ramiz Alia, Albanian politician
2013 - George Americanos, Greek basketball player
2015 - Jurelang Zendkaya, President of the Marshall Islands